×

Python Tutorial

Python Tutorial for Beginners

Python tutorial is a widely used programming language which helps beginners and professionals to understand the basics of Python programming easily.

Python is a high-level, easy, interpreted, general-purpose, and dynamic programming language. It supports object-oriented programming approach. It is straight forward to learn, and its elegant syntax allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code as compared to other languages such as C, C++, or Java.

It has excellent data-structure, which makes it a unique language for scripting and application development on most platforms.

Python is a platform-independent language, which means a Python program can run on any operating system like Windows, Macintosh, Linux, etc.

Python runs on an interpreted system, which means that code can be executed line by line.

Python is a dynamically typed, so we don’t need to declare the data type of variable such as x=20 assigns an integer value to an integer variable.

In Python, development and debugging is fast because there are no compilation steps included in Python development, and edit-test-debug cycle is also very fast.

A Brief History of Python

The implementation of Python was started in the late 1980s by Guido van Rossum as a member of the National Research Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science in Netherland. Its first version was released on February 20, 1991.

The Python concepts have taken from the ABC programming language. ABC is a general-purpose programming language, and the greatest achievement of ABC was to influence the design of Python.

ABC programming language is known as predecessor of the Python language. ABC was capable of Exception Handling and interfacing with Amoeba Operating System.

Fact about choosing a name: The inspiration for the title came from BBC’s popular TV Show – 'Monty Python's Flying Circus,' as Guido van Rossum was a big fan of the TV show. He wanted a short, unique and little bit mysterious name for his invention and hence he named it Python.

  • In 1994, Python version 1.0 was released with new features like map, filter, and reduce.
  • Python 2.0 was released on Oct 2000 with new features like listcomprehension and garbagecollectionsystem.
  • Python 3.0, also known as "Py3k" was released on December 3, 2018, with new features. For example, in Python 2.x, "print" is a statement. In 3.x "print()" is function.

Python 2.x: 

print "Hello World."

Python 3.x: 

print("Hello World.")

Usage of Python

Python is used by many programmers and used in various fields. Most of the time, it is used to perform any complicated task in a much easier way than other programming languages.

When Python is installed, it comes up with the many powerful libraries which made up of many functions.

There are many libraries available on the internet that makes it possible to do complicated tasks more straightforwardly.

These standard libraries make it a powerful programming language. Python is widely used in the following fields:

  • Web development,
  • Software development,
  • Machine Learning,
  • GUIs based applications,
  • Network programming,
  • Game development,
  • Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Data Science

Why Python?

Here are some reasons why Python is the most popular language these days:

uses of Python | why python

Python provides rich libraries:

Python provides vast standard libraries that include areas like machine learning, mathematics, web service tools, operating system interfaces, and protocols.

Python is Open Source language:

Python is freely available at its official site (www.python.org). Anyone can download Python from its official website

Easy to use:

Python is very easy to learn and easy to use. It is a user-friendly language. It uses a few lines to express the code as compared to other languages.

For example- Suppose you want to print “Hello world” in java, code will be

public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args){
// Prints "Hello, World" to the terminal window.
System.out.println("Hello World");
}
}

In Python, it can be done by using one statement.

print(“Hello World”)

The output will be the same in both codes, but in Python, it takes only one line.

Frameworks and Libraries

Python provides various frameworks for different development fields. There are some popular frameworks given below:

  • Web development (Server-side): Django is the most popular web development framework of Python. Flask, Pyramid, CherryPy, and others are also used for development.
  • GUIs based applications: Tk, PyGTK, PyQt, PyJs, etc
  • Machine Learning: TensorFlow, PyTorch, Scikit-learn, Matplotlib, etc
  • Mathematics: Numpy, Pandas, etc.

Object-Oriented Approach

Python supports object-oriented programming approach. In object-oriented programming, OOPs concepts are based on creating reusable code and solve programming problems by creating objects. These concepts are also known as DRY (Don’t Repeat Yourself).

In Python, OOPs concepts are given below:

  • Classes
  • Objects
  • Inheritance
  • Polymorphism
  • Encapsulation

We will learn these concepts in Python OOPs tutorial.

Extensible

Python is extensible, which allows invoking C and C++ library, and you can combine JAVA as well as .NET components.

Portability

Python is a portable language. For example, we have Python program for windows, and we want to run this code on other platforms such as Mac, Unix, Linux, then we do not need to change the code, we can run it on any platform. In this tutorial, we have covered a brief introduction to Python. Python is a very popular language and nothing wrong to say that it is the next generation language

Python Tutorial

Python Conditional Statements

Python Loops

Python Arrays

Python Strings

Python Built-in Data Structure

Python Functions

Python File Handling

Python Exception Handling

Python OOPs Concept

Python Iterators

Python Generators

Python Decorators

Python Functions and Methods

Python Modules

Python MySQL

Python MongoDB

Python SQLite

Python Data Structure Implementation

Python Advance Topics

Python 2

Python 3

How to

Sorting

Programs

Questions

Differences

Python Kivy

Python Tkinter

Python PyQt5

Misc


Related Topics

Python JSON Schema

Python-jsonschema JSON: JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation. It is a text-based format that represents structured data and can be used to interchange data among various applications. This is self-defining language...

5 minutes read.

What is Python online compiler?

The compiler is a program that is used to scan an entire high-level program (source code) and it translates the scanned program into machine code. Compilers convert .py source code into...

5 minutes read.

Check if the directory exists in Python

To prevent any error, while loading or editing a file, we first have to check that the directory or the file exists or not. This is also done to prevent...

5 minutes read.

Difference between Python 2 and Python 3

In this tutorial, we will learn the differences between two versions of python, that is, python version 2 and python version 3. Some basic differences include- Python 2 is the older version...

3 minutes read.

Python List extend() method

Python List extend() method The list.extend() method extends the list by appending all the items from the iterable. Syntax list.extend(iterable) Parameter iterable: It is a required parameter which represents any iterable unlike list, set, tuple, etc. Example 1 # Python...

1 minute read.

Introduction to Scratch programming

Scratch programming is generally designed for children who may create digital stories, games, and animations using the computer language Scratch, which has the largest kid-focused community in the world. Scratch...

3 minutes read.

How to set font for Text in Python

As a tuple with the font family as the first component, a size in point as the second, and possibly a string with one or more of the style modifiers...

5 minutes read.

Isodate Python

Python Programming Language Python programming language is one of the most used programming languages, as it is used widely in the field of software and data analysis, web development, etc. It...

3 minutes read.

Exclusive OR in Python

In Python, the exclusive OR (XOR) operator is represented by the caret symbol (^). It compares each bit of the first operand to the corresponding bit of the second operand,...

3 minutes read.

Python Letter to Number

Python Letter to Number In this tutorial, we will convert the given letters into numbers using a Python. We will convert the given letter into the letter value as defined in...

3 minutes read.

Python program to convert Celsius into Fahrenheit

Python program to convert Celsius into Fahrenheit This program explains how we can take the temperature in Celsius and convert them into Fahrenheit. Celsius Celsius, also known as centigrade, is a measurement unit...

1 minute read.

What is online python free IDE

An IDE is an acronym that stands for “Integrated development environment.” It is a software environment that has a software development package that consists of the code editor and builds...

4 minutes read.

Check whether dir is empty or not in python

Python: Check if a directory is empty In this tutorial, we will study how to check whether the director (dir) is empty or not in the python programming language. First of...

3 minutes read.

Reading a File Line by Line in Python

Introduction In this tutorial, we will learn about reading files in python line by line. Before reading the files, let us know a little information about the files first. Files A file is...

6 minutes read.

Python MySQL Delete Operation

Python MySQL Delete Operation: Like the update operation where we were updating required field from a SQL table, we can also delete an entry from the table which we have...

4 minutes read.

How to Sort a String in Python?

The characters in the string are sorted or put in alphabetical order using the sort string function in Python. Python has built-in techniques for sorting strings available. Since we occasionally...

6 minutes read.

Python Set intersection() method

Python Set intersection() method The set.intersection() method in Python returns a new set with elements that are similar between two or more sets. Syntax set.intersection(set1, set2 ... etc) Parameter set1- This parameter represents the set to search for...

2 minutes read.

Return Statement In Python

Python Return Statement The return statement is generally used for the execution ending and returns the value back to the caller. The return statement can return all types of values and...

2 minutes read.

Python String rfind() method

The string. rfind() method in Python returns the highest index in the string if the substring sub is found else it returns -1 if the substring is not found. Syntax string.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) Parameter sub: This parameter...

2 minutes read.

Executing Shell Commands in Python

This tutorial aims to make us understand what a Shell is, what is the importance of a Shell, what are Shell commands in Python, and how can we execute the...

3 minutes read.